A study of knowledge and attitude of high school students in relation to human reproduction was carried out in Patiala city and rural areas of Nabha Block in 1982. A random sampling of 1000 boys and 1000 girls from urban as well as rural areas in equal proportion was taken up for this study. Majority of the students (78.4%) replied that the male had a role in reproduction. Urban male students 55.2% and rural male students 62.4% were not aware of the age of menarche in females. Majority of the urban and rural students were aware that the menstrual cycle stopped at the age of 45-50 years of the age. Majority of students were aware of the start of reproduction in female after menarche and only 16.0% urban and 4.6% rural students were not aware of criteria of starting reproduction in the female. The age of start of ejaculation was earlier in rural students (19.4%) as compared to urban (11.8%). Regarding source 34.36%, 11.28%, 29.12% , 13.59% students acquired knowledge from friends, relatives, printed matter and films respectively.

A door-to-door survey of 10,000 populations was carried out in a rural area. Four hundred sixty one (46.1/1000) persons had orthopedic problems. Three hundred sixty three (78.74%) patients continued the same job in spite of the orthopedic problem. Eight (1.73%) patients modified the job and 2 (0.43%) had to change the job. It affected the earning capacity of 19(4.12%) patients. Seventy-five (16.26%)patients sought treatment from Hospital/qualified doctors. One hundred forty six (31.67%) patients received treatment from unqualified persons. Two hundred forty (52.06%) patients did not receive treatment at all. Three hundred thirty two (72.0%) patients required conservative treatment. Fifty (10.84%) required continuing the same treatment they were taking. Twenty-five (5.42%) required no treatment at the of survey.

Impact of Integrated child Development Services (ICDS) scheme in 7 Anganwadi centers of Davangere Block on the health status of pre-school children were studied for a period of one year. Total of 547 children, who were enrolled for supplementary nutrition and non-formal education, formed the study group. Impact of the programme on nutritional status was seen only in severely malnourished children (Grade III & IV). Severely malnourished children constituted 9.3% of total initially and 3.9 percent at the end of the study. The number of children belonging to grade I & II malnutrition were 74% initially and 81.5% at the end of the study. Not much improvement in the immunization status for BCG., all three doses of oral polio vaccine and DPT was 42.4, 59.4 and 73.3 percent at the baseline study and 56, 67.7 and 82 percent respectively at the end of the study. The supply of supplementary nutrients and vaccines was irregular. High prevalence of vit. ‘A’ Deficiency and anemia were noted.

A cross sectional survey of Block Ganderbal to examine 544 pregnant and 100 non-pregnant women was conducted from 12 randomly selected villages. Overall 43.01% of pregnant women. Average hemoglobin level among pregnant women was 10.19 +/- 1.5 gms % with a range of 6.5 gms to 13.2 gms%. Incidence of anemia was seen to increase with increase in parity. Haemoglobin level was seen to decline with the advance of gestational age and higher hemoglobin values were observed among women taking iron and folic acid supplements than those not consuming the same.

One hundred forty eight antenatal women were studied as supplemented (70) and non-supplemented (78) groups. The former group received nutritional supplementation in addition, to Iron, Folic acid and calcium tablets, which were given to both the groups. There was significant increase in the serum protein (p<0.001) and albumin (p<0.001) levels of the supplemented women. Haemoglobin was found to be increased in both the groups because of Iron therapy. But the increment was significantly higher (p<0.001) in supplemented group. Thus apart from Iron and Folic Acid, a diet rich in proteins (11 gm) with calories (330 kcal) is essential during pregnancy, at least for a period of 100 days.